This is one in a series of brief
state-based reports intended to give the reader
a quick overview of substance abuse and mental health
issues within a single state. The data derive principally
from national surveys conducted by the Office of
Applied Studies, a component of the Substance Abuse
and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
Sources for all data used in this report appear
at the end.
Prevalence of Illicit Substance
and Alcohol Use in Pennsylvania
The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)
generates state-level estimates for 23 measures
of substance use and mental health problems for
four age groups: the entire state population over
the age of 12 (12+); individuals age 12 to 17; individuals
age 18 to 25; and individuals age 26 and older (26+).
Since state estimates of substance use and abuse
were first generated using the combined 2002–2003
NSDUHs and continuing until the most recent state
estimates based on the combined 2005–2006
surveys, Pennsylvania’s rates of past month
and past year marijuana use have generally been
at or above the national rates. Rates of past year
use of an illicit drug other than marijuana as well
as the nonmedical use of pain relievers, however,
have generally been at or below the national rates.
Drug Abuse and Dependency
in Pennsylvania
Questions in NSDUH are used to classify persons
as being dependent on or abusing specific substances
based on criteria specified in the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition
(DSM-IV) (American Psychiatric Association, 1994).
Across all survey years, rates of past year drug
dependence for Pennsylvania’s State population
age 12 and older have been among the lowest2 in
the country.
Rates of past year alcohol dependence have also
been at or below the national rates, and in 2005–2006
were among the lowest in the country for the age
12 and older population.
Addiction Treatment in Pennsylvania
State treatment data for substance use disorders
are derived from two primary sources—an annual
one-day census in N-SSATS and annual treatment admissions
from the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS).4 In
the 2006 N-SSATS survey, Pennsylvania showed a one1-day
total of 44,349 clients in addiction treatment,
the majority of whom (39,286 or 89%) were in outpatient
addiction treatment. Of the total number
of clients in addiction treatment on this date,
2,660 (6%) were under the age of 18.
Across the last 14 years, there has been a steady
decline in the number of admissions mentioning alcohol
(82% vs. 55%) and a concomitant increase in the
percent of admissions mentioning heroin (9% vs.
24%).
Across the years for which TEDS data are available,
Pennsylvania has seen a substantial shift in the
constellation of problems present at addiction treatment
admission. Alcohol-only admissions have declined
from 38 percent of all admissions in 1992, to 22
percent in 2005. Concomitantly, drug-only admissions
have increased from 18 percent in 1992, to 44 percent
in 2005.
Unmet Need
for Substance Abuse Treatment in Pennsylvania
NSDUH defines unmet addiction treatment need as
an individual who meets the criteria for abuse of
or dependence on illicit drugs or alcohol according
to the DSM-IV, but who has not received specialty
addiction treatment for that problem in the past
year.
In Pennsylvania, the rate of unmet drug
addiction treatment need has been among
the lowest in the country across all survey years.
Rates of unmet need for alcohol addiction
treatment in Pennsylvania have generally
also been at or below the nation rates, and in 2005–2006
were among the 10 lowest in the country.
Source:
http://www.samhsa.gov
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