How Drugs Work in the Brain
Press Release Dec. 2010
Drugs tap into the brain's communication system
and disrupt the way nerve cells normally send, receive,
and process information.
Drugs work in the brain by:
Imitating natural neurotransmitters (chemical
messengers in the brain). Because of
the similarity in chemical structure between drugs
and neurotransmitters naturally produced by the
brain, some drugs, such as marijuana and heroin,
are able to "fool" the brain's receptors
and activate nerve cells to send abnormal messages
via the network.
Overstimulating the reward system by
flooding the circuit with dopamine. Dopamine
is a neurotransmitter present in regions of the
brain that regulate movement, emotion, motivation,
and feelings of pleasure. And nearly all drugs
of abuse, directly or indirectly, activate this
system. Some drugs, particularly stimulants like
methamphetamine and cocaine, cause nerve cells
to release abnormally large amounts of natural
neurotransmitters or prevent their normal recycling,
which is needed to shut off the signal between
neurons.
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